ABSTRACT

EBV is a DNA virus in Herpesviridae family. EBV infection can appear as subclinic course, infectious mononucleosis and EBV-associated malignancies. EBV infection may rarely cause some complications such as hemophagocytic lymphohystiositosis, splenic rupture, encephalitis, immunothrombocytopenic purpura, cholecystitis, lymphoproliferative disease and enteropathy. Herein, we report a boy diagnosed as leucocytoclastic vasculitis as a rare complication of EBV infection. A 5 years-old boy presented with fever, sore throat and maculopapular rash with no fading with pressure. She was on amoxicilline treatment for tonsillitis for 4 days and the rash was emerged after the fever disappeared. The amoxicilline treatment was stopped in case of drug-induced rash. However, the rash was spread through the body. In serological studies, antibodies against EBV were detected as anti-VCA IgM 2+, anti-EBNA IgM negatif, anti-EA-D IgG 3+ and consistent with acute EBV infection. She was administered intravenously immunoglobuline for 5 days. The rash was completely disappeared on the 6th day of treatment. Vasculitis in children should be considered as a rare complication of EBV infection in children and patients with EBV infection should be follow up in terms of vasculitis.