ABSTRACT

Purpose: The most common causes of allograft dysfunction in the early posttransplantation period include acute rejection, drug toxicity (cyclosporine toxicity), acute tubular necrosis, reperfusion injury, urinary tract/vascular obstruction, surgical complications and infections. The clinical manifestations of these processes are nonspesific and occasionally allograft dysfunction may be multifactorial. It has also lead to renal allograft dysfunction due to acute pyelonephritis in these patients. Renal biopsy therefore is frequently used to diagnose the specific cause of acute graft dysfunction.

We report two cases with acute allograft failure due to acute pyelonephritis, which were confirmed by graft biopsies. In both cases, after appropriate antimicrobial therapy, allograft functions recovered.